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Ecologically
Important Areas
Information
in Detail
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Ecologically
Important Areas in Andhra Pradesh:
Institute
for Ocean Management has identified the following sites (Table 1) under the category
of ecologically important areas.
Table
1. Ecologically
Important Coastal areas identified in Andhra Pradesh coast.
| District
| Site |
Ecological
Importance | Geographic
Location | Area
in km² | | Nellore
| Pulicat
Lake | Lagoon |
13° 30'-13
°45'N
80° 00'-80° 18'E | 469
| | Krishna |
Krishna
Delta 1)
Nizamapatnam 2)
Machilipatnam | Estuary
and Mangroves | 15°
42'-15° 48'N
80° 50'-81° 00'E |
200 |
| East
Godavari | Coringa |
Estuary,
Mangroves and Wildlife Sanctuary | 16°
30'-17° 00'N
82° 5'-82° 22'E | 235 |
Fig:
Ecologically Important Areas in Andhra Pradesh
click
on the locations for details Geographic
Location of Andhra Pradesh:
Andhra
Pradesh lies between 12º 37' and 19º 54' N latitudes and 76º 46' and 84º 46' E
latitudes. The state can be classified in to three geographic zones
(i) The
Coastal plain
(ii) The Eastern Ghats
(iii)The Deccan Peniplain.
The
coastline of Andhra Pradesh is about 966 km and located in between 13º24'-19º
54' N Latitudes and 80º 02'-86º 46'E longitudes. The state has a population of
2, 75, 068 km² and a population of 53.55 million. The coastal zone is potentially
a rich terrain from the point of view of agriculture, fisheries, commerce and
communication. The coastline is smooth and long with inundations only in the extreme
south and between Godavari and the Krishna delta. The sea is shallow off the coast.
There are number of intermediate and small ports including a major harbor at Visakhapatnam.
Andhra Pradesh has 14 sanctuaries
but does not have any national parks even though this is the biggest of the four
southern states. The delta of the two important rivers namely Godavari and Krishna
is very fertile. They have the mangrove forest along the estuaries and dry decidious
forest inland. The state has one of the longest lagoons in south Asia, called
the Pulicat Lake, having a vareity of resident as well as migratory birds. Summers
are hot and dry with temperature shooting up to 46ºC while winter temperature
comes down 8-10º C. The major problems in Andhra coast are the erosion, storm
surges and coastal pollution.
The
Ecologically Important areas of Andhra Pradesh include the coastal lagoon ecosystem
of Pulicat Lake in the south and the Mangrove ecosystem of Krishna Delta (Nizampatnam
and Machilipatnam), and Coringa at Godavari estuary.
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