CIPR CENTRE FOR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS (CIPR)
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TRADEMARKS

What is trademark or Service mark

Trademark is a unique sign or indicator used by an individual, business organization or other legal entity to identify that the products and /or services are offered to the consumers with which the trademark appears. It would have originated from a unique source of origin, in order to distinguish its products or valid for services from those of other entities.




Types of marks

A There are various types of marks namely


  • Trademarks (marks used to distinguish certain goods as those produced by a specific Enterprise)
  • Service marks (Marks used to distinguish certain services as those provided by a specific enterprise)
  • Collective marks (marks used to distinguish the goods or services of a person or an association of persons who is the proprietor thereof from those of others.)
  • Certification marks (marks used to distinguish the goods or services that comply with a set of standards and have been certified by a certified authority) and
  • Well-known marks (marks that are considered to be well-known in the market and as result benefit from stronger protection)

Functions of Trademark

A Trademark is essentially a product of competitive economy where more than one person competed for the manufacture of the same product which necessitated the marking of each manufactured goods by a symbol which distinguished similar goods made by others. The modern trademark has three major functions to perform. They are origin function , quality or guarantee function, investment or advertising function.




Duration of trademark

The term of trademark is ten years and it can be renewed life long for every ten years. Trademark can be a word, phrase, logo, symbol, design, image, or a combination of these elements. Example: Coco-Cola, IBM, AIRTEL etc.


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